Short Story - 844 Words

â€Å"Hey Harry.† A red-headed boy who stared blankly at the burning fireplace. â€Å"Yeah?† Harry responded moving his eyes from the window to the red-headed boy, Ron.â€Å"I’m bored,† Ron responded with a long yawn. â€Å"Honestly Ron maybe do some studying or read or take care of that stupid rat!† Hermione, a bushy-haired girl, looked up from her book. She gave Ron a glare and an annoyed sigh. â€Å"Well why don’t you make sure your monstrous cat doesn’t eat my rat!† Ron yelled back. â€Å"Honestly guys drop it, come on Ron let’s do something like walk around the castle.† Harry said clearly annoyed and crossed his eyes. â€Å"Fine let’s get out of here.† The two climbed out of the common room leaving Hermione in the empty common room to read. Ron and Harry aimlessly†¦show more content†¦All the professors were in the staffroom. â€Å"What are they wearing?† Ron said in a low whisper . â€Å"Lower your voice, we don’t want them to hear us.† â€Å"It doesn’t matter that can’t hear us over the noise they are making!† Ron said in a loud whisper, â€Å"anyways what are they wearing? They look like my mum’s sweaters!† â€Å"I think they are ugly Christmas sweater.† â€Å"They are worse than my mum’s and that’s saying a lot!† Professor Mcgonagall wore a red Christmas sweater with Bertie Bott’s Every Flavor Beans on it and huge fake snowflakes covering most of it. Professor Flitwick also wore a red sweater with Christmas lights wrapped around the top and bottom of the sweater, jingle bells attached to the sweater, and Flitwick performed a spell to make the sweater sparkle. As for Snape he probably had the worst sweater of all it seemed as if he took a piece of everyone’s sweater and put it on his own. Much was going on, Harry and Ron weren’t sure to look. Their eyes were dashing everyone but one thing caught their eyes. A famous Christmas song was playing on the background with Minerva Mcgonagall and Severus Snape singing along! â€Å"Is that Mcgonagall and Snape singing?!† Ron said his face wide with shock. â€Å"Err...I think so.† Harry replied awkwardly. â€Å"Bloody hell the aren’t that bad!† The two quietly chuckled and laughed at the Mcgonagall and Snape. Dancing along to Mcgonagalls and Snape’s singing were Professor Flitwick and Professor Sprout.Show MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

The Issue Of Legalizing Marijuana - 1821 Words

The issue of Legalizing marijuana is a very controversial topic of modern times. The use of marijuana is all over the media with celebrities doing it and young people in on the craze. Marijuana is the world’s oldest illegal drug, not only that, it is also the drug that is most widely used among society today (Aanstoos, 2015). Different types of people use this drug for a variety of reasons, such as, as a way to disconnect from todays hectic world, something they are peer pressured into, or even medical reasons. My argument is against the concern of legalizing marijuana in general including medical marijuana. Before completely going all in against this drug, note that there is some relevant research, which shows Marijuana has some benefits to it. This paper will explore both points in against and in favor of legalizing marijuana to be revealed, aiming for an understanding of the issue and present a public health policy to improve and educate the public of this hot health topic. Starting with the cons I have selected five to be discussed that particularly stand out to me. First, there is not enough research on medical marijuana to see if the benefits overcome the risks. Every time you hear people protest for the legalization of marijuana they throw out facts about how it’s good for people and also how it’s all-natural so it must be better that medicine. Their facts cannot be scientifically backed up and their sources could or couldn’t be from a reliable source. Even withShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Legalizing Marijuana1324 Words   |  6 PagesDoes it really come to morality after all? The decision to legalize marijuana has been subject for debate since first introduced in 1969; many arguing the fact that we are sitting on an industry worth an estimated 113 billion dollars. For once we have an opportunity to make a real impact in our economy. We have an aid on â€Å"the war on drugs†. But are we then showing our children that legalizing drugs is really the answer to our problems or does only the big picture mater in the end? Will this bringRead MoreThe Issue of Legalizing Marijuana1918 Words   |  8 Pages The argument of legalizing marijuana has been in the forefront of politics in the United States of America for the last few years. Marijuana comes from the plant Cannabis sativa which has been used throughout history in religious practices, medicine, paper, fiber, and recreation. Its use was banned in the United States of America during the 1930s. This ban was due to public fears surrounding the negative social effects of the drug. Not only were many of these negative effects exaggerated, but theRead MoreEssay The Ethical Issues of Legalizing Marijuana749 Words   |  3 Pagesaccording to the law on marijuana? It’s true. In 2008 Time Magazine reported that researchers had found more than 42% of people surveyed in the United States had tried marijuana at least once (Lynch, 2008). So if mari juana use is so common in the United States, why should it not be legalized? In this paper I will discuss both the supporting and opposing positions on the legalization of marijuana. I will also explore the moral and ethical views for legalizing marijuana. Utilitarianism is theRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1314 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana, also known as cannabis, has been deemed an unacceptable and illegal substance in Canada, as well as in many other nations. It is a drug which can alter an individual’s sense of perception and distort one’s senses, and may become addictive if used repeatedly. Although marijuana is looked down upon in society when used for recreational purposes, it serves several beneficial purposes in the medical field. The legalization of marijuana is a prominent growing issue in several Canadian provincesRead MoreThe Origns of Marijuana726 Words   |  3 Pages Coca, and Poppy). Therefore, Marijuana should be removed from the criminal justice system. Legalizing and regulation marijuana can bring cash crop under the criminal justice law, bring in jobs, medical use, and overall create economic opportunities to The United States of America. There has been reports of marijuana being less harmful than alcohol or tobacco. According to the British research foundation two deaths worldwide can be directly caused by marijuana, yet 150,000 people die from alcoholRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay868 Words   |  4 Pagescontroversial topics in the news today is the legalization of marijuana. Supporters believe that the drug is not harmful and can have numerous benefits. However, opponents argue that marijuana can lead to addiction and other more dangerous drugs. In the end, marijuana should be legal based on economic, medicinal, and philosophical factors. First, the legalization of marijuana would have a tremendous economic impact. Since â€Å"marijuana is thought to be the second most profitable cash crop in theRead MoreThe Legalization Of Recreational And Medical Use Of Marijuana1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of recreational and medical use of marijuana is still a controversial social issue faced by the United States. Although marijuana was seen as a dangerous drug back in the 1900’s, research has revealed the truth about marijuana, making the drug less frightening towards Americans. Now in the year 2015, marijuana is generally more accepted by Americans and many more see marijuana in a positive manner. Although marijuana does have some negative side effects, the side effects are notRead MoreAn Analysis of President Obama’s Remarks about Marijuana Essay624 Words   |  3 Pagesmagazine, President Barack Obama made some controversial remarks about legalizing marijuana. President Obama stated that he did not think that marijuana was â€Å"more dangerous than alcohol† (Remnick). This comment has caused proponents of legalizing marijuana to praise the President, while opponents are criticizing him for seemingly supporting this banned substance. Author Frank James of NPR.org wrote an article entitled â€Å"Obamas Marijuana Remarks Light Up Legalization Debate.† James explains how those whoRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1714 Words   |  7 PagesApril 2016 Drugs in the United States There has been controversy centered around the thought of legalizing drugs in the U.S and the effects of legalizing or not legalizing drugs. There are several drugs such as cocaine, heroin, opium, to name a few, with the most common being marijuana. The question raised on this topic is whether we should prohibit drug use, making it illegal or only allow marijuana to be legal. Discussions on this topic mention that drugs will be available in the market despiteRead MoreEssay on Legalizing Marijuana: Pros and Cons1599 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2007, $42 billion was spent on the marijuana prohibition. That is more money than the war on drugs spent on all types of drugs three years before when $40 billion was spent all together. Why is our government focusing on a drug that can be called merely harmless to those who use it? Why is this drug getting more money spent on it than drugs that are highly addictive and life threatening? Marijuana is not as dangerous as people may want it to seem . Marijuana is a product of the Cannabis stavia

The Death of Catherine the Great

There is a well-known legend surrounding Empress Catherine the Great of Russia, and it involves a horse. The myth is that Catherine was crushed to death by a horse while attempting to have sex with it. Usually, the collapse of a harness or lifting mechanism is blamed. This would be bad enough, but theres a second myth thats often added when debunking the first. The second myth is that Catherine died on the toilet. But, whats the truth? The truth appears to be that Catherine died in bed of illness. There were no equines involved, and a Catherine with horse nexus was never attempted. Catherine has been slandered for several centuries. The Horse Myth Catherine the Great was Tsarina of Russia, one of the most powerful women in European history. So, how did the idea that she died while attempting an unusual practice with a horse become one of the most virulent myths in modern history, transmitted by whispers in school playgrounds across the western world? Its unfortunate that one of historys most interesting women is known to most people as a beast, but the combination of perverse rudeness and the relative foreignness of its subject makes this a perfect slander. People love hearing about sexual deviance, and they can believe it of a foreign person they dont know much about. So if Catherine didnt die while attempting sex with a horse (and just to reiterate, she absolutely, 100% didnt), how did the myth arise? Where did the fireless smoke come from? During past centuries the easiest way for people to offend and verbally attack their female enemies was sex. Marie Antoinette, the hated queen of France, was subjected to printed myths so deviant and obscene they would make spam emailers blush and certainly cant be reproduced here. Catherine the Great was always going to attract rumors about her sex life, but her sexual appetite, while modest by modern standards, meant that the rumors had to be even wilder to make up the ground. Historians believe the horse myth originated in France, among the French upper classes, soon after Catherines death, as a way to mar her legend. France and Russia were rivals, and they would continue to be on and off for a long time (particularly thanks to Napoleon), so both slated the citizens of the other. If this all seems a bit odd, consider that even in Britain in 2015, Prime Minister David Cameron was accused of an intimate act with a dead pigs head by a political enemy, which was widely reported, and which threatens to become a popular footnote to his governance. David Cameron may no longer be Prime Minister, but the pig jokes remain. It still happens today just as easily as it happened to Catherine the Great. Perhaps even easier, see below. The Toilet Myth However, in recent years another myth has emerged. Take a quick look around the web, and youll find pages debunking the idea of Catherine with the horse while stating that the great Empress of Russia died while on the toilet. Admittedly such sites are quick to point out another fact as myth, that Catherine’s bloated body was so heavy it cracked the toilet (this variation was also spread by Catherines contemporary enemies), but the toilet features prominently nonetheless. Indeed, some sources quote this from John Alexanders marvelous biography of Catherine: Sometime after nine chamberlain Zakhar Zotov, not having been summoned as anticipated, peeked in her bedroom and found nobody. In a closet adjacent, he discovered the Empress on the floor. With two comrades Zotov tried to help her up, but she barely opened her eyes once before emitting a faint groan as she exhaled and lapsed into unconsciousness from which she never recovered. If you take closet to mean water closet, another name for a toilet, the quote seems fairly conclusive. Unfortunately, this fact isnt true but the product of a desire for belittling humor. The toilet is a common enough location of death to be true, but still intrinsically humiliating, especially for a great Empress. Much the same process is behind the spreading of this myth; its just a little bit nicer and easier for the storyteller to be polite about. The truth is in the next section of Alexanders book. The Truth: Catherine may have never recovered full consciousness after her collapse, but she wasnt yet dead. Alexanders book goes on to explain (in paragraphs rarely quoted) how Catherine was laid in her bed as doctors tried to save her body and priests made rites to save her soul. Throughout she was racked with pain, her convulsing appearance causing great distress to her consorts. It was over twelve hours after Zotov found her, well past nine oclock at night, that Catherine finally died of natural causes, in bed and surrounded by friends and carers. Legacy She could have been remembered internationally for many things, but sadly most people know her for horses and toilets. In a sense, her enemies in France have won the longest game of all, because while Catherine dominated her era, the historical memory of her is tarnished, and the internet has turned the whole world into one giant school playground for rumors and hate to be spread, meaning Catherines reputation is unlikely to be corrected anytime soon. Source Alexander, John T. Catherine the Great: Life and Legend. 1 edition, Oxford University Press, November 3, 1988.

Cigarette Advertisements in the 1950s Essay - 1149 Words

In the middle of the twentieth century, mostly during the 1950’s and the 1960’s, smoking was more prevalent and smoking advertisements were more common as well. In the 1950’s, people didn’t know that smoking caused lung cancer and various deadly diseases. One technique that cigarette advertisements in the 1950s advertised their product was to use the doctor as a spokesperson and say their cigarette was the â€Å"doctor’s preference.† Doctors (the image of health) could be associated with cigarettes because people did not consider cigarettes unhealthy. One example of a cigarette company that used this advertising technique in the 1950’s was Camel. Camel’s advertisement’s use of the doctor as a spokesperson and doctor preference, choice of†¦show more content†¦All forms of advertising exploit their potential buyer’s needs or create false needs in order to sell their product. Some of the needs that would be f illed according to this ad are a â€Å"healthy† cigarette, the need for prominence, the need to suit the â€Å"t-zone (throat and taste)†, and for a â€Å"rich, full flavor, and cool mildness† tobacco. The doctor fills the need for a â€Å"healthy† cigarette because doctors represent health. The doctor fulfills the need for prominence because doctors are high up in society and they use this cigarette. Most people feel more prominent when they do things that prominent people do. According to the ad, a healthy, good tasting cigarette suits the false need for one’s â€Å"t-zone†. The tobacco claims to be â€Å"rich, full, and cool in flavor†, which is not a real need but people that smoke a cigarette that they believe is not â€Å"full† may think they need a â€Å"full† cigarette. Most people tend to believe their doctor when it comes to matters of health therefore, the ad is effective. Also, the use of the â€Å"T-zoneâ⠂¬  is effective because it appeals to throat (good for one’s body) and taste (good). The potential buyer will believe that this cigarette is both good and good for them. In addition to â€Å"fulfilling needs†, the Camel  ® article uses images to sell their product. The image of the doctor is big and has a red background. Red is associated with fire (and therefore smoking). Red is also a bold,Show MoreRelatedVintage Cigarette Ads Vs. Modern Cigarette Advertising913 Words   |  4 PagesVintage Cigarette Ads vs. Modern Cigarette Ads When companies create a print advertisement, their main goal is to showcase their product so that they can bring in a load of profit. They may lure in certain audiences whether male, female or children, but how might advertisement be different from the past than in the present? The 1950’s was an era that was heavy in pop culture, with jukebox diners, slick back pompadour hair, I Love Lucy episodes, and jazz music (Watson 3). Advertisements were brightRead MoreCigarette Advertisment Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pages The intended target audience has varied a lot the past century. Cigarette use within the United States military increased significantly during their entrance into World War l, in 1918, because several tobacco companies began targeting military personnel because soldiers used cigarettes as a physiological escape from the horrors of their daily lives. However, women were also especially targeted during the years of war in America, as most consumer goods were aimed at women since the majority ofRead More Tobacco Advertisements1733 Words   |  7 PagesTobacco advertisements have been a sensitive subject in America especially among parents who do not want their children to become smokers. I know from personal experience that tobacco is extremely toxic and can do major bodily harm. My grandfather was a chain smoker for over twenty years. He started smoking in his late teens and he died from lung problems that were caused by his addiction to cigarette smoking. My father is also a cha in smoker and he started smoking when he was sixteen. He isRead MoreThe Issue Of Cigarette Advertising1719 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom really is, or how such freedoms should be practiced. Advertising is a subject many often overlook when considering the freedoms that The First Amendment protects. However, it is a subject certainly not overlooked when regarding the question of cigarette advertising. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other federal and state regulators have targeted tobacco manufacturers for decades. Many claims have accused companies of directly marketing to minors, neglectingRead MoreAn Age Of Modern Marketing1596 Words   |  7 PagesAdvertising began to take form in the 1950 s and the 1960’s as the age of modern marketing began to rise. In the 1960 s, great economic changes took place the influenced how the marketers in large agencies advertising products to the general public. Beginning with the creative revolution, modern marketing formed itself to cater both the changing economy and the general public. Many companies followed the trend of branding, which is forming a distinction between two similar products produced byRead MoreMarketing Of Beauty : Winter 2016 Research Paper1285 Words   |  6 Pagesthat lay around beside you. Can you try to pick anything that you haven’t seen or heard from media? It would be pretty difficult to pick one since we are surrounded by advertisements and every decision that we make on purchases are based on those advertisements. So, it’s safe to assume that we are hugely affected by media advertisements. Is it aesthetic perspective that move us to purchase a product or commercial perspective that encourages us to buy? In this essay, it will discuss history of advertisingRead MoreAdvertisement Business : Business, Ruthless Dog Eat Dog, And High Stakes1780 Words   |  8 PagesMatthew Renfro 12/19/14 English 10 Honors Period: 2 Advertisement: Where Santa Endorsed Cigarettes and Where Companies Invade Our Pockets Cutthroat business, ruthless dog-eat-dog relationships, and high stakes are timeless key characteristics of the advertisement business. Overtime, the advertisement business has evolved and adapted to suit society’s desires. Advertisements from the 1950s seem alien to us today. The advertiser’s main goal is to sell you an item, idea, or service. To do thisRead More Cigarette Advertising Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesTruth About Cigarette Advertising Two lithe, tanned bodies lazily languish near a limpid river. The heads of the two persons are thrown back in poses of a supremely confident nature. Their facial features, though, are indistinguishable amidst the ephemeral haze which envelops them. Curiosity piqued and intently surveying the scene, one then notices the cigarettes dangling from the fingers of the pair. Advertisements such as this are now ubiquitous to the point of annoyance. These attempts to enticeRead MoreThe Ethical Concerns Involving Tobacco1680 Words   |  7 Pagesvaluable cigarette brands in the world, Marlboro. Marlboro first emerged onto the tobacco scene at the beginning of the nineteenth century. They originally were a cigarette brand with a female-based target market. Marlboros were considered feminine cigarettes because they had filters, which were very unpopular for men at the time because the purpose of the filter was to protect a woman’s lipstick so that the tobacco leaves would never actually make contact with the mouth or lips. In the 1950s a scientificRead MoreHistorical Background Of Tobacco - Early American Indians Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pages1930 – 40 It is of interest that in the 1930’s and 40’s the use of tobacco for both men and women became the norm particularly in America. At this time also there became some concerns among the public in relationship to the negative impacts to the use of tobacco. To counteract the publics rising anxiety’s tobacco companies started to use doctors to advertise in their ad campaigns during the early 1950’s. the use of doctors within the tobacco advertisements was to try and convince people that tobacco

Capital Structure Free Essays

CAPITAL STRUCTURE Q1. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (MRQ)The cost of equity is higher than the cost of debtWACC is inversely proportional to the market valueAn increase in the cost of equity leads to an increase in share price Debt is less risky as interest is always received but paid at last in an event of liquidation (2 marks) Q2. Which of the following statements is not a part of the traditional theory of capital structure? (MCQ)There must be no taxes as it’s a perfect capital market As the gearing level increases it’s an indication of an increase in the cost of debt When the cost of equity increases the effect is translated on to the gearing level of the company resulting in its decreaseThe WACC will be at optimum when the market value of the company is at its lowest (2 marks) Q3. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital Structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Manager of Alpha believes that there is an optimal balance of debt and equity. The Manager of Zeta believes that the gearing decisions have no effect on the business value. Which theories are the managers relating to? (PD)Manager Alpha Manager Zeta MM THEORY(with Tax) MM THEORY(without Tax) TRADITIONAL THEORY(2 marks) Q4. Select the appropriate option in relation to the capital market. (HA)Taxes are inapplicable PERFECT MARKET IMPERFECT MARKETHigh chances of bankruptcy PERFECT MARKET IMPERFECT MARKETBorrowing is up to a limited level PERFECT MARKET IMPERFECT MARKET(2 marks) Q5. Which of the following relates to the high level of gearing? (MRQ)Agency CostTax ExhaustionDifferences in risk tolerance levels between shareholders and directorsNo borrowing limits are specified(2 marks) Q6. Bache Co. leaves its operating risk unchanged after including the increased debt finance in its capital structure. Which of the following correctly describes the effect on the company’s cost of capital and market value assuming perfect capital market with corporation tax? (HA)WACC INCREASE DECREASE UNAFFECTEDCost of Equity INCREASE DECREASE UNAFFECTEDTotal market value INCREASE DECREASE UNAFFECTED(2 marks) Q7. Rearrange the hierarchy of sources of finance for Pecking Order Theory? (P;D) Preference Shares 1Equity Finance 2Straight Debt 3Retained Earning 4Convertible Debt 5(2 marks) Q8. Quarto Co is considering acquiring Datum Co. Quarto Co wants to use its own cost of capital but is confused as in which circumstances their weighted average cost capital will remain unchanged. Which of the following is/are appropriate circumstances? (MRQ)Historic proportions of debt and equity are not to be changedOperating Risk of the company remains unchangedThe acquired company is small that any changes are insignificantProjects are financed from a pool of funds(2 marks) Q9. Eduardo Co is an all-equity financed company which wishes to invest in the new project in a new business area. Its existing equity beta is 1.4. The debt to equity ratio is 35% and 65% respectively ; the average equity beta for the new business area is 1.9. The government security in the market gives a return of 4% and market risk premium is 3%. If the tax is ignored, what is the risk-adjusted cost of equity for the new project using the capital asset pricing model? (MCQ) 6.73%7.71%8.2%9.7%(2 marks) Q10. Identify the weaknesses of risk-adjusted the weighted average cost of capital? (MCQ)It is difficult to identify similar operating characteristics of other firms Estimates of beta are wholly accurate Betas may differ due to debt capital being risk-free It ignores earning a potential of the company (2 marks)Q11. Arco Co has an equity beta of 0.89 and it is being considered to be acquiring by Draco Co. Arco Co is financed by 79% equity and Draco Co is financed by 80% equity. Calculate the Risk-adjusted beta if the tax rate in the market is 30% up to two decimal places? (FIB)4521202667000Be (2 marks) Q12. What is the correct procedure for calculating risks adjusted the weighted average cost of capital? (P;D)Converting proxy asset beta into risk-adjusted beta using investing company capital structure 1Calculate the risk-adjusted weighted average cost of capital 2Converting proxy equity beta into asset beta 3Calculate the risk-adjusted cost of equity 4(2 marks) Q13. Tito ; Toto are identical in every respect apart from their capital structure. Tito has a debt: equity ratio of 1:4 and an equity beta of 1.6. Toto has a debt: equity ratio of 2:6. Corporation tax is 30%. What is an appropriate equity beta for Toto? (MCQ)2.563.934.224.51(2 marks) CAPITAL STRUCTURE (ANSWERS) Q1. The cost of equity is higher than the cost of debt ; WACC is inversely proportional to the market value are correct statements.An increase in the cost of equity leads to a decrease in share price rather than increasing the share price as WACC increases market value decreases, hence incorrect Debt is less risky as interest is always received but paid at last in an event of liquidation. In the event of liquidation banks are paid first as they are creditors with fixed charges, hence statement is incorrect. Q2. DThere must be no taxes as it’s a perfect capital market (Correct)As the gearing level increases it’s an indication of an increase in the cost of debt (Correct) When the cost of equity increases the effect is translated on to the gearing level of the company resulting in its decrease (Correct) The WACC will be at optimum when the market value of the company is at its lowest. The market value should be at its highest to make WACC at the optimum level which it is at the lowest, hence the statement is incorrect Q3. Manager Alpha TRADITIONAL THEORYManager Zeta MM THEORY(without Tax)Traditional theory states that WACC will be optimum when it’s at the lowest pointMM (with Tax) states there is no need for a balance of equity and debt assuming 100% gearing is optimal MM (without Tax) states WACC is unaffected as the benefit received from debt cancels with the cost of equity Q4.Taxes are inapplicable PERFECT MARKET High chances of bankruptcy IMPERFECT MARKETBorrowing is up to a limited level IMPERFECT MARKET Q5.Agency Cost: Providers of debt finance are likely to impose restrictive covenants hence is a problem due to high gearing (Correct) Tax Exhaustion: As companies increase their gearing they may reach a certain point where there are not enough profits from which to obtain all available tax benefits hence is a problem due to high gearing (Correct)Differences in risk tolerance levels between shareholders and directors: The directors have high risk in the company rather than shareholders as they have well-diversified portfolios hence is a problem due to high gearing (Correct)No borrowing limits are specified: Restrictions are specified in the articles of association for company’s ability to borrow hence the statement is not related to high gearing (Incorrect) Q6. WACC DECREASE Cost of Equity INCREASE Total market value INCREASE In a perfect capital market, the theories of Modigliani ; Miller on gearing apply Q7.Retained Earning 1Straight Debt 2Convertible Debt 3Preference Shares 4Equity Financing 5 Q8. All options are correct as under all circumstances the company can use its own weighted average cost of capital. Q9. B(A) De-gearing the equity beta of Eduardo Co Ba= 1.4 Ãâ€" 0.65 = 0.91Ke= 4 + (3 Ãâ€" 0.91) = 6.73%(B) De-gearing the equity beta of the new business gives Ba= [0.65 à · (0.65+0.35)] Ãâ€"1.9 = 1.235Ke= 4 + (3 Ãâ€" 1.235) = 7.71% (C) Using equity beta of Eduardo Co. Ke= 4 + (3 Ãâ€" 1.4) = 8.2%(D) Using the de-geared average equity beta Ke= 4 + (3 Ãâ€" 1.9) = 9.7% This means the new average equity beta for the new business area was not de-geared Q10. AIt is difficult to identify similar operating characteristics of other firms (Weakness) Estimates of beta are wholly inaccurate Betas may differ due to debt capital not being risk free It ignores earning potential of the company (Disadvantage of DVM) Q11. Be = 0.88Ba = [79 à · (79 + (21 Ãâ€" {1-30%})] Ãâ€" 0.89 = 0.750.75 = [80 à · (80 + (20 Ãâ€" {1-30%})] Ãâ€" Be Be = 0.88 Q12. Converting proxy equity beta into asset beta 1Converting proxy asset beta into risk-adjusted beta using investing company capital structure 2Calculate the risk-adjusted cost of equity 3Calculate risk-adjusted weighted average cost of capital 4 Q13. CBa = [4 à · (4 + (1 Ãâ€" {1-30%})] Ãâ€" 1.6 = 1.361.36 = [2 à · (2 + (6 Ãâ€" {1-30%})] Ãâ€" Be Be = 4.22 How to cite Capital Structure, Papers Capital structure Free Essays A review of capital structure theories 1. 0 Introduction One of the most contentious flnancial issues that have provoked intense academic research during the last decades is the theory of capital structure. Capital structure can be defined as a ‘Mix of different securities issued by a firm’ (Brealey and Myers, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on Capital structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now Simply speaking, capital structure mainly contains two elements, debt and equity. In 1958, through combining tax and debt factors in a simple model to price the value of a company, Modigliani and Miller firstly begin to explore a modern capital structure theory, and their work inspired this area study. However, the MM theory has no practical use because It lacks of direct guidance for companies to determine capital structure In real Ilfe (Baxter, 1967; Sarlg and Warga, 1989; Vernimmen et al, 2005). During the past years, researchers strived to establish a more reasonable capital structure theory that can be put into practices efficiently, and they attempted to expand debt ratio and tax advantage factors Into a new area. Myers (1984) states that only practical capital structure theories, which Introducing adjustment cost that includes agency cost and information asymmetry problems, ould provide a useful guidance for firms to determine their capital structure. However, from recent studies, Myers (2001) believes that how information differences and agency costs Influence the capital structure Is still an open question. From this perspective, it is very important to review the development of these two factors which make theoretical research having a strong relationship with reality. Thus, this project will summarize the capital structure theories orientated by agency cost and asymmetric Information from extant literature. Also some gaps and conflicts among heories of capital structure will be found and discussed In order to further Improve this area study. The rest of this project is arranged as follows. Section 2 will present the theories based on agency costs that causes the conflicts between equity holders and debt holders or managers. Section 3 will Illustrate from two areas, Interplay of capital structure and Investment, followed by signal effect of debt ratio, to show the theories based on asymmetric information. In conclusion, Section 4 will summarize the entire essay and suggest further research direction of capital structure theory. 0 Capital structure theories based on agency costs Although Berry and Means (1931, cited in Myers, 2001) state an adverse relationship between the separated ownership and corporate control status, it commonly admits that Jensen and Meckling (1976) firstly conducted the research in how agency costs determine capital structure (Harris and Ravlv, 1991 Over the past decades, researchers have tried to add agency costs to capital structure models (Harris and Raviv, 1991). The perfect alignment between fi rm investors and firm agencies, such as managers, does not exist (Myers, 2001 ). According to Jensen and Meckling (1976), company agents, the managers, always emphasize on their own interests, such as high salary and reputation. Also these company agents use ‘entrenching investments’, which make the asset and capital structure orientated by the 1 OF3 company holders (Chen and Kensinger, 1992). However, Myers (2001) believes that the firm holders can reduce such transferred value through using different kinds of methods of control and supervising, but he further points out the weakness that these methods are expensive and reduce returns. As a result, the perfect monitoring system is out of work, and agency costs are produced from these conflicts. According to Jensen and Meckling (1976), the conflicts between investors and agencies are generally divided into two types. The first conflict occurs between debt holders and equity holders, and the second conflict is from between equity holders and managers. Consequently, all the capital structure theories based on agency costs can be also classified based on these two conflicts. In the rest of this section, each individual conflict will be separately discussed. 1 Conflicts between Debt holders and Equity holders Jensen and Meckling (1976) point out that agency costs problems happen in determining the structure of a firms’ capital when the conflict between debt holders and equity holders is caused by debt contracts. Similar to Jensen and Meckling’s conclusion, Myers (1977) observes that since equity holders bear the whole cost of the investment and debt holder s get the main part of the profits from the investment, equity holders may have no interest in investing in value-increasing businesses when ompanies are likely to face bankruptcy in the short term future. Thus, if debt occupies a large part of firms’ capital, it will lead to the rejection of investing in more value-increased business projects. However, in 1991, Harris and Raviv cast a contrasting opinion to adjust the capital structure theory based on this conflict. They point out that most debt contracts give equity holders a push power to invest sub- optimally investment project. If the investment fails, due to limited liability, debt holders bear the consequences of a decline of the debt value, but equity holders get ost of yields if the investment could generate returns above the debt par value. In order to prevent debt holders from receiving unfair treatment, equity holders normally get less for the debt than original expectation from debt holders. Thus, the agency costs are created by equity holders who issue the debt rather than debt holders’ reason (Harris and Raviv, 1991). Tradeoff capital structure theory has a basic and strong relationship with this type of agency costs. However, different researchers hold various explanations of the relationship. Myers (1977) points out the debt cost eason, Green (1984) announces that convertible bonds can reduce the asset substitution problem which comes from the tradeoff theory, Stulz and Johnson (1985) consider about collateral effect. In the end, only Diamond model (1989) is widely accepted. If Equity holders do not consider reputational reason, they are willing to trade relatively safe projects, but this activity will lead to less debt financing (Diamond, 1989; Mike et al, 1997). Diamond model (1989) assumes two tradeoffs, risky and risk-free, to show that the debt repayment should consider both possible nvestment plans. Furthermore, Mike et al (1997) use empirical evidence to indicate how to use debt to trade off these two optional investment plans. Moreover, in 1991, Harris and Raviv expanded Diamond’s model to three investment choices. They point out that one choice of investment can only contain the risk-free project, one option In fact, since the reputation factor is vital for a manager, managers are willing to choose risk-free investment projects that have more possibility of success. Consequently, the amount of debt is often reduced by managers. How to cite Capital structure, Papers

Research in Occupational Therapy System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Research in Occupational Therapy System. Answer: Introduction This report evaluates the career opportunities within the Australian labour market with a specific focus on the healthcare industry. Two healthcare sectors, such as aged care and community health have been chosen in order to explain viable option for the career path based on the labour market research. This report is strived to identify the occupations that could apply in each of the sectors based on the employees' skills, experience and interest. In the later section of the report, intercultural challenges faced by the international students have been discussed. Intercultural challenges can impact on career opportunities in Australia and this report tries to find the strategies to overcome these challenges. In the recommendations section, a job-seeking plan has been given with identifying the employability of the students for the future in the healthcare sector. In Australia, labour market conditions have been strengthened between the phase June 2016 and 2017. During that phase, the employment rate increased by 1.9% and that was above the annual growth rate in past ten years in Australia (Bonoli 2017). However, the strong growth rate of employment has been much in the part-time employment and it was clearly showing in the aggregate monthly working hours. Most importantly, the largest increases in employment were in health care as well as the social assistance and this figure touched the mark of 4.9% (Wilkins 2017). National and state information of changing labour market conditions in Australia The Australian economy has been changing in the perspective of self-employment, gig-economy, rising incidents of employment in part-time basis and underemployment. On the other side, as observed by Wilkins (2017), the labour market in Australia is stable than the changing one as the there is a shift to the casual work as well as the self-employment. Statistics show that there are almost 12 million employed individuals in Australia among which almost 45% are women (data based on 2017, August). In the year 2000, only 21% women were working, therefore, the national data shows the changing the trend of part-time working in the labour market (Wilkins and Wooden 2014). The average age of the employees in the healthcare industry is 43 years and average earning in health care are approximately $1,250 per week for the full-time employees. In the health care industry, the employment may increase to 19% in next five years till 2022. Health care industry is projected to make the highest contribu tion to the growth of the employment. In the healthcare industry; occupation, region, skill level and education are the major factors that the employers are looking for. In state-level information, the salary of the employees who are working in health care has been increased considerably. The affordable access to the health care has increased the greater demands of the healthcare providers. As stated by Wheelahan et al. (2015), in health care industry, consumerism is inescapable as it is the growing trend. The health care providers are giving highest quality service to the people as the health care providers whopped almost 86% of the beliefs of the consumers. Service users are increasingly matching with the active role in the care experience. Current employment and unemployment figures in Australia In the health care industry, approximately 1,662,900 individuals are working and this is around 14% of the total workforce in Australia, both full and part-time. In the last five years, health care industry has accelerated by 22%. (Limp.gov.au 2018) Employment characteristics Data Employment growth (five years to November 2017) (000) 301.6 Employment Level- 2017 November (000) 1,663 Employment growth (five years to November 2017) (%) 22.1% Full-time share of employment 56.6% The male share of the employment (year to November 2017) 21.7% Female share of employment (year to November 2017) 78.2% Table 1: Employment characteristics (Source: Abs.gov.au 2018) The employment projections are mainly designed to give the future direction to the labour market and there is always a degree of uncertainty. Labour Force Survey Data of Australia shows that employment projections of the jobs will increase as the online job advertising trends are showing this. Moreover, in health care, the use of technology has been increased where many of the health care professionals can find their job roles. Technologies nowadays take the significant role in healthcare recruitment and the individuals must have knowledge regarding the healthcare. On the other side, the trend rate of unemployment in Australia has been reached to 5.5% and it was reduced from 5.8% in the year 2016. In province wise, the unemployment rate mainly decreased in Western Australia (6.3% to 5.3%), South Australia (6.8% to 5.9%), Tasmania (6.6% to 6%) and Queensland (6.2% to 6%) (Abs.gov.au 2018). In Australia, another factor of unemployment causes due to migrate as migrant employment rates are associated to the age, skill level and English proficiency and relevant working experience. Career opportunities in healthcare sectors and occupations In Australia, health care industry is soaring high as this industry is creating more job opportunity in recent time. The growth of employment in this industry touched the mark of 22% and in next five years, this percentage may increase to 16.1%. The projected employment growth in health care industry will be 250000 (Mialon et al. 2017). In Australia, the aging population is expected accelerate and by the end of 2056, it is projected to have almost 8.7 million aged Australians. At present almost 20% of the Australians are counted as older people and these people are more than 65 years of age (Seek.com.au 2018). Aged care services are synonymous to the changing needs of the people and the service users need to be able to make decisions about the finances and care. Aged care providers in Australia mainly work at houses of the service users. Service users in Australia want to have help in personal care for dressing and bathing, housework, social activities, food, preparation, meals, transport, physical exercise, mobility aid, nursing care and allied health service. In next 25 years in Australia, the expenditure in health per person may get double. I want to be a Person carer in aged care home. The opportunities in aged care as Personal Carer will increase by 13% in next five years as it means employers will be looking f or more experienced and qualified staffs with education and soft skills (McGowan and Andrews 2017). The employers in aged care services are trying to get a caring culture, reward and recognition and focus on the mental health. In the aged care services as Personal Carer, I need to provide physical and mental demands of the patients and I am to provide effective communication and high level of standards commitment and care. Government of Australia started Commonwealth Home Support Programme (CHSP) for the older people to get the assistance and therapy who live in insecure accommodation with risk of homelessness. Community Health Workers (CHW) needs to interact with the common public to address the health issues that can affect the diverse members of the community population. In the community, the children, homeless, elderly and veterans live and community health workers assist medical support to them. CHWs provide their assistance to educators and medical professionals by engaging with community members, implementing the health programme in public and collecting the data for the community benefits in Australia (Booth and Whelan 2014). In Australia, Home and Community Care (HACC) services are given to the Commonwealth and Victoria residents with affordable health and care services with a small fee. As stated by Barrie (2017), in Australia, community health is taken as major issues as support services and clinical care services to the community must be provided with maximum support. I can play the role of health educator as in Australia; the field of community health may increase at a rate of 17% from 2017 to 2015 resulting to create new jobs (Baldwin et al. 2017). In Australia, the community people are expecting to lower the health costs and the community health providers are educating the community people about behaviours and health habits. Major responsibilities of community health workers in Australia are related to gather the data for public health and perform the surveys for larger public health. The CHWs in Australia need to interact with community people to provide specialise services of testing, counselling, emergency training and prevention of disease (Seaman et al. 2017). Intercultural challenges As an international student in Australia, one might face the issue of fitting in to the native culture. The students might face the language barriers, the issue of being different from the classmates and cultural expectation. As opined by Levin (2017), international students may also face the challenge of cultural shock as studying in foreign university may create disorientation. The students can feel nervousness, confusion and loneliness as well. The unfamiliar atmosphere and surroundings may be disintegrating for them. The breakdown of the social cohesion is the major conflict in between groups and people (Taylor 2017). The conflict can be expressed through cultural clines and racial discrimination. Aboriginal people also live some of the places and prevalence of racism is reported in Australia. In future career, the students need to understand the cultural difference and malpractice of racism. For a healthcare professional, the racism, religion and colour of the people do not make any difference. Marginalisation and exclusion must not come in the mind of the health care professionals especially during the service of community health. The solution of the culture shock of the future professionals can be possible knowledge of the different culture of the people. The students in health care must not be uncomfortable about surrounding and they can focus on learning about the new culture to embrace it. In order to fit in the new culture, the health care providers can seek the activities to integrate about the knowledge to meet the activities and friends. The students can attend the conference to get the idea of diversity practice to improve sustainable multicultural societies. Recommendations Shalom centre is surrounded by picturesque landscape and it is a caring community. This aged care home considers the values of highly skilled members who do not underestimate the power of individual care. Shalom Aged Care is in NSW and this place will be near to one of my relative places. This aged care home will give importance to the experience people and it provides quality care with shared accommodation. Advantaged Care is ideal care service providers for the aged people and this aged care home believes that the ageing population deserve the sophisticated IT and technological system, efficient management and financial needs. Bondi Waters provide the provision to reach easily. This is aged care home and it also provides service to the community health as well. This health care provider welcomes the vibrant community to plan the future of the senior citizens. The core value of this service provider is to provide freedom to the community and aged care. It has an excellent set of staffs and this care home maintains the team to ensure the hassle-free lifestyle. Action Items Duration Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Critically target Decide on job search goal 2 weeks ? Establish milestones 2 weeks ? Strategy development 1 week ? Develop long-term strategy 2 weeks ? Research and review job search 3 weeks ? Create a list of target organisations 1 week ? Table 2: Job searching plan (Source: Self-developed) Employability skills can be developed through thinking about what to do next in future and the students need to do hard to get the good grades. I am going to learn about writing a CV and I am learning to speak good English as Australia is an English speaking language. I am planning to secure work experience on a summer internship. I am planning to do the part-time job in health care service as in Australia; part-time job provides enough employment opportunity. I will collect the information regarding labour market information, cultural competence and subject content management. In recent time, the employers do not have enough time to read the whole CV, tailoring the message to the potential employers with specific knowledge of the firm is the new trend. Of late, the candidates can contact the HR of the health care organisation to fix the interview date. The candidates can check the social media pages of the health care homes where they can post about recruiting message. Conclusion This report is included national, state information, the possible impact of employment trends, current employment and unemployment figures and changing labour market conditions in the healthcare industry in Australia. The ageing population of Australia is also increased as the need of the health care professionals has increased with time. Numbers of health care organisations and drugstores are increasing in Australia and this new trend provides extra job opportunity for the individuals. The aged care services are related to the occupational therapy, podiatry and physiotherapy. In Australia, demand for the nursing is growing in line with the ageing population. In this report, the job searching strategy for the future candidates in health care industry has been revealed. Reference List Abs.gov.au. 2018. - Survey of Health Care, Australia, 2016. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/4343.02016 [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018] Baldwin, R., Chenoweth, L. and de la Rama, M., 2017. Residential aged care policy in Australiaare we learning from evidence?.Australian Journal of Public Administration,74(2), pp.128-141. Barrie, H., 2017. Retirement villages capitalise on aged care changes.Australian Ageing Agenda, (Jul/Aug 2017), p.18. Bonoli, G., 2017.Labour market and social protection reforms in international perspective: parallel or converging tracks?. Taylor Francis. Booth, S. and Whelan, J., 2014. Hungry for change: the food banking industry in Australia.British Food Journal,116(9), pp.1392-1404. Levin, A., 2017. Bills of rights: Changing the human wrongs culture in Australia.LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, (38), p.42. Lmip.gov.au. 2018.Welcome to the Labour Market Information Portal.. Available at: https://lmip.gov.au/default.aspx?LMIP/GainInsights/IndustryInformation/HealthCareandSocialAssistance [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. McGowan, M.A. and Andrews, D., 2017. Labour market mismatch and labour productivity: Evidence from PIAAC data.OECD Economic Department Working Papers, (1209), p.1-5. Mialon, M., Swinburn, B., Allender, S. and Sacks, G., 2016. Systematic examination of publicly-available information reveals the diverse and extensive corporate political activity of the food industry in Australia.BMC public health,16(1), p.283. Rogers, A. and Hewson, E., 2016. Development of an early on-set innovation culture in Australia.Small Enterprise Research,23(2), pp.182-189. Seaman, K., Saunders, R., Williams, E., Harrup-Gregory, J., Loffler, H. and Lake, F., 2017. An examination of students perceptions of their interprofessional placements in residential aged care.Journal of interprofessional care,31(2), pp.147-153. Seek Career Advice AU. 2018.Australian industry spotlight on the Healthcare Medical industry - SEEK Career Advice. Available at: https://www.seek.com.au/career-advice/industry-spotlight-aged-care-and-mental-health-services-roles-on-the-rise [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. Taylor, R.R., 2017.Kielhofner's Research in Occupational Therapy: Methods of Inquiry for Enhancing Practice. FA Davis. Wheelahan, L., Buchanan, J. and Yu, S., 2015. Linking Qualifications and the Labour Market through Capabilities and Vocational Streams. Synthesis Report.National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). Wilkins, R. and Wooden, M., 2014. Two decades of change: the Australian labour market, 19932013.Australian Economic Review,47(4), pp.417-431. Wilkins, R., 2017.The household, income and labour dynamics in Australia survey: Selected findings from waves 1 to 12. Melbourne: Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne.

Magnesium Lab free essay sample

Heat the crucible using a high flame for about 5 minutes to drive out any impurities they may be in the crucible. Allow to cool for 10 minutes. Using the tongs, place the crucible and cover onto a fiber pad and record the mass of the crucible and cover with the scale. Record your data. Clean a 25cm long ribbon of magnesium with a ball of steel wool. Coil up the ribbon of magnesium so that it will easily fit into the crucible. Record the mass of the crucible, cover, and magnesium. Place the crucible with the substance in it on top of the triangle pipe stem. Place the cover ajar to allow the flow of oxygen inside the crucible. Heat it gently for 2 minutes, then under high heat, heat it up for another 10 minutes. Allow to cool for 10 minutes. Place the crucible, cover, and contents onto a fiber pad. Record the mass. We will write a custom essay sample on Magnesium Lab or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Repeat 11-16. If the difference between mass measurements in less than 0. 01g. record the mass as the constant mass. If the mass is greater than 0. 01g, repeat steps 11-16 until the measurements differ by 0. 01g or less. Record this in your data table as the constant mass. Put the remains of the substance into a hazardous waste container. Calculations: Mass of MG reacted| 0. 43g. | Moles of MG reacted| 0. 017g/mol| Mass of product| 0. 67g. | Mass of oxygen reacted| 0. 24g. | Moles of oxygen reacted| 0. 015mol. | Experimental molar ratio: MG to O| 3:2| Accepted molar ratio: MG to O | 1:1| Percentage error| 1. 033| Post- Lab Questions: 1. What three types of information are used to find an empirical formula from percentage composition data? Answer in complete sentences. You must know the percent composition of each individual element, the molar mass of each element, and you must know the smallest number of moles of a given group of elements. 2. What is the relationship between the empirical and molecular formula of a compound? Answer in complete sentences. They both can show the composition of each element in a compound. 3. Calculate the empirical formula for this salt: 56. 58% K, 8. 68% C, and 34. 73% O. K 1/39*56. 58=1. 45/. 72=2 Empirical Formula= K2CO3 C 1/12*8. 68=. 72/. 72=1 O 1/16*34. 73=2. 17/. 72=3 4. What is the simplest formula of a substance of 27. 3g of C and 72. 7g of O? C 1/12*27. 3=2. 275/2. 275=1 Empirical Formula= CO2 O 1/16*72. 7=4. 543/2. 275=2 5. When you heated the magnesium in this experiment, the mass went up. Did this surprise you? Where did the mass come from? Answer in complete sentences. Yes, this did surprise me. I expected it to lose mass instead of gaining it considering when you burn something, it becomes smaller. The extra mass came from the oxygen in the air. It bonded with the magnesium atoms. Analysis and Conclusion: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the empirical formula of an oxide of ribbon. There was a set of three heatings. One to drive out impurities, one to heat the substance, and another to heat the substance again to see and differing results. We measured and recorded the masses after each heating. The goal of this lab was to observe how oxygen can bond with magnesium using extreme heat. The mass of the crucible, cover, and contents was 23. 22g. After the first heating, it became 23. 46g. After the second heating, it was the same as the first heating. Our percent error was 1. 033. There weren’t too many margins of error that I observed that occurred during this lab. The only mistakes I saw were that one of my group members touched the crucible with their hands, possibly adding to the mass of the crucible. Also, there may have been a slight error in time, however only by less than a minute.